Oil fish. Types of oil fish, its description, harm and benefits, methods of cooking

The name "Oil fish" is a collective concept that includes several varieties of ocean fish. The classification is based on the principles of similarity of the taste of meat. The name probably happened from American oil fish "Butterfish".

Oily fish It is found in the warm ocean waters in the open area. Sweep only during spawning. The length of the representatives reaches 30 - 75 cm, the weight is 4 kg. The biggest escolar. The body size is about 2 m, the weight is about 45 kg. Feed on raffs, squid, petty fish. Sexual maturity comes 2 years later, postpone the caviar in shallow water. Spawn falls on autumn, summer. Oil fish includes representatives of 3 families:

1. Stromate - American oil fish, more mods. It dwells in the waters of the Atlantic Ocean. It is found off the coast of America, Africa, Asia.
2. Centero-Australian Serisella. It was chosen by the water of the Pacific Ocean.
3. Heptyl - Macrel, Escolar. Outwardly similar to Tuna. It dwells in different parts of the world ocean.

There is no separate fishery to catch oil fish. Periodically, it comes across with other representatives of ocean waters. Often we are caught together with the tuna. Imported from Vietnam, China, Indonesia, USA.

It goes in smoked, frozen (carcass, fillets), fresh. The most remedy fider with a content of 22% fat is caught in winter and autumn. Meat oily, white, soft, resembles a halotus.

Unusual composition - than attractive fish

White fish meat occupies a leading place in the content of animal proteins. It has saturated fats, amino acids, a large variety of vitamins, trace elements.

Vitamins:

A (Retinol)

• Enhances immunity;
• Retains skin youth;
• Promotes the growth of teeth, hair, nails;
• Warns eye disease;
• Normalizes redox processes;
• Protects against cancer cells;
• Strengthens the work of the heart.

• Warn the development of Rakhita;
• Contributes to the absorption of calcium;
• Strengthens muscles;
• Coordinates metabolic processes in cells;
• Stimulates the production of hormones;
• Strengthens the immune system;
• Increases resistance to skin diseases.

• Normalizes the operation of the sexual system;
• Neutralizes free radicals, removes toxins;
• Warns the development of oncology;
• Strengthens the vessels;
• Accelerates skin regeneration;
• Protects from UV rays;
• Stimulates the flow of oxygen to skin cells;
• Counteracts the formation of thrombov.

• Improves fat digestibility;
• Displays cholesterol;
• Stimulates the maturation of sperm;
• Strengthens the work of the musculoskeletal system;
• Normalizes blood pressure;
• Accelerates wound healing;
• Helps to cope with skin diseases;
• Reduces pain syndrome.

• Normalizes blood circulation;
• Improves fat exchange in liver cells;
• Optimizes the state of the nervous system;
• Struggles with skin diseases.

Trace elements:

In oil fish 3 times the fatty acids omega-3, rather than in the salmon family. Use fish dishes 2 times a week reduces blood pressure, soothes the nervous system, increases the body's resistance to infection, diseases, strengthens the immune system, improves overall well-being.

Why eat oil fish, is it not harmful

A huge amount of vitamins, minerals, acids help the body to overcome the disease, improve the state of health, increase the resistance to adverse factors. To replenish the daily rate of protein in the body, it is enough to eat 150 g oil fish. Small piece delicious delicacy activates metabolic processes, settles the work of the internal organs.

Useful qualities:

• Strengthens the vessels, stimulates the work of the heart.
• Purifies blood from toxins, cholesterol.
• Improves skin condition, prolongs youth.
• It has a soft laxative effect, regulates the intestinal operation during constipation.
• Strengthens immunity.
• Soothes the nervous system, saves from insomnia, depression, stressful state, unfortunate concern, fear.
• Lowering pressure in the arteries.
• Strengthens and activates hair growth, nails.
• Normalizes the work of the genital system of men and women.
• Accelerates the metabolism, helps to cope with overweight.
• Helps to grow to the children's body, preventing the pathology of the musculoskeletal system.

The composition of oil fish contains a significant amount of wax ether - gempilotoxin. The substance is practically not absorbed, provokes problems with the gastrointestinal tract. Arise side effects with not controlled eating delicious fish, individual intolerance to the components.

Do not eat dishes people, with serious liver diseases, gastrointestinal tract, especially with the acute form of the disease.

Fats irritate the intestines walls, drench the chair, paint it into a brown color. Enhanced metabolism provokes bile production more than it is required. As a result, acidity increases, esophagus, liver, pancreas.

Of course, the oil fish is very useful, but it is necessary to use it in small portions, only 2 times a week.

Recipes of delicious dishes

Best ways heat treatment Consider: cooking for a couple, baking, grilled frying. Several recipes of the most delicious dishes.

Classic baking

Preparing very quickly, does not require special culinary skills. The dish is obtained delicious, appetizing, nutritious, fragrant. Suitable as diet food. Preparing on the grid.

Ingredients:

• Fish - 1 kg;
• Garlic - 4 teeth;
• Lemon - 1 pc.;
• Rosemary - 1 twig;
• Bay sheet - 2 pcs.;
• Parsley - 1 branch;
• Salt, black ground pepper - taste.

Cooking:

1. Wash the fish, clean, dry slightly, cut into pieces.
2. Fold into deep containers.
3. Loose crushed garlic, add salt, pepper, bay leaf.
4. Put in the refrigerator for 2 hours.
5. Heat the oven to 160 degrees Celsius.
6. Put fish on the grid.
7. Bake for 15 minutes on each side.
8. Finished fish put on the dish, pour lemon juice, Sensible with chopped parsley, basil.

The dish can be equipped as an independent either with a vegetable, potato garnish.

With fruits

Gentle meat is perfectly combined with vegetables, fruit. Taste ready dish It turns out just amazing. All ingredients are necessary for 1 piece.

Ingredients:

• Big fish;
• Apple;
• Grapes - a small brush;
• A tomato;
• Onion;
• Salt, pepper to taste.

Cooking process:

1. Fish washed, remove fins, insides. Skin does not clean. Gently pull out the ridge.
2. Make a knife over the entire cutting cutter, salt, pepper.
3. Leave to be soaked for 1 hour.
4. Grind onions, tomato, apple.
5. Start fish vegetables, apple, grapes.
6. Bake on the lattice in the oven 50 minutes at a temperature of 160 degrees Celsius.

Peel with unclean scales is inedible. But the meat is much tasty.

With sour cream sauce

The festive dish is preparing very quickly, the taste is excellent. As the main ingredient, it is possible to use fillets, one-piece fish, which they independently cut into pieces.

Ingredients:

• Oil fish - 1 pc.

Sauce:

• Sour cream - 100 ml;
• Grape either apple vinegar - 1 h. Spoon;
• Parsley, green Luc - some;
• Salt, sugar, pepper - to taste.

Cooking process:

1. Clear fish, cut into pieces, salt.
2. Fry on the grille or a skillet.
3. Grind parsley, onions.
4. In the sour cream, add greens, salt, sugar, pepper, vinegar. Mix well.
5. Sell \u200b\u200bfish.

Serve together with boiled, baked potatoes.

How if delicious dish It turned out, it needs to eat it in small portions. Over time, when the body gets used to the product, the portion can be increased.

Calorie

Oil fish is a very high-calorie product. Per 100 g accounts for 113 kcal. Proteins make up 18.8 g, fats - 4.2 g, no carbohydrates. Meat is quickly absorbed, activates fat burning. Thanks to these properties, oil fish is used in dietary nutrition.

Basic question - price

Several factors affect the value of the product - the place of sale of fish, the country importer, a variety. As well as a form - smoked, frozen, reservoir, cutting. Average prices in the country are:

Fresh fish in a free sale is difficult to find. Price per kg Over 1500 rubles. When choosing a product, it is necessary to be guided not only by price, but also quality.

Recipe for making oil fish in the oven you will find in the following video:

Selection Rules:

• Frozen reservoir should be solid, without fussy, changes in the color scheme. If he looks different, the fish froze several times. From this are losing her beneficial features, taste qualities.
• Packaging of smoked product must be transparent to be assessed appearance fish. With an indication of the shelf life, information about the manufacturer, the form of fish.
• Buying a better one-piece product, cut into pieces yourself. More confidence in quality.
• Fresh fish should not contain outsiders. Under pressure, elasticity should be felt, and the dent from the finger quickly restores the former shape.

In contact with

Wikipedia material - free encyclopedia

Oily fish - A collective trade name for different families of fish from three different families and four clans: 2 types from the Stromatee - Stromate family ( Stromateus Brasiliensis) and American oil fish ( Peprilus Triacanthus.), Australian seriacla ( Seriolella Brama.) From the center of centrol, as well as escolar or gray delicacious mackerel ( Lepidocybium Flavobrunneum) From the Ghempilov family.

Sometimes the oil fish is sold under the guise of a canchkach - much more valuable fish, less common - on the contrary, with the same names, these names are often given together.

Usually, trade names combine related species of fish. But in the case of oil fish, the trade name is formed on the principle of similarity of taste qualities, although oil fish have some external similarities and a similar lifestyle. The name probably comes from American oil fish, which is called in English - "Butterfish".

Biology

All oils are warm-water marine fishliving near the coast. Mostly it is a fish for 30-75 cm long and weighing up to 4 kg. The most major representative of this collecting group is an escolar, reaching lengths up to 2 m and weight of 45 kg. Feed on various plankton crustaceans, squid and fine fish. Spa is spawned in summer or autumn. Icra is small, develops in the thickness of water. Sexual maturity occurs at the age of 2 years.

Fisher

Oil fishing is carried out mainly by pelagic trawls and non-natives. Fishing statistics according to these types of fish are not conducted.

Oil fish has several types. That is why you carefully read the label, which was able to purchase. There is an escolara, seriacla, stromes that differ only in the number of fat. On the counter, you can find a klyukcha, which refers to the valuable rock of the fish, so it is recommended to buy it without thinking. These species come to Russia from China, Indonesia and Vietnam. But the biggest distribution received "Butterfish", American oil fish.

Therefore, if we talk about its composition, then you need to keep in mind that it is approximately the same as an indicator of calorie. On average, the latter is about one hundred and twenty calories per hundred grams.

IN chemical composition You can select a large amount of sodium, fluorine and potassium, as well as magnesium. That is why oil fish is recommended for feeding cores, as well as patients who have lack of proteins in the body.

But among the trace elements that are in it, the central place occupies chrome. It can be included in its diet less than a hundred grams to carry out the daily rate of such an most important and very rare trace element, which plays the most basic role in the functioning of the endocrine system.

Due to the soft laxative effect, it can be included in its menu in small quantities, if there are constipation.

Oil fish contains a large number of unsaturated fats that are capable of rejorating the cells of the body, while maintaining healthy and fresh species Hair, nails and skin for a long time. It is necessary to take into account that such an external impact is a reflection of the rejuvenation of internal organs. Therefore, it is recommended to eat this fish along a small piece several times a week.

In addition to fat, it contains a large number of valuable protein necessary for our health. To achieve half of his daily norm, an adult can eat only a hundred fifty grams of this fish.

It contains a lot of vitamins, the main place is occupied by Vitamin RR.

Now let's stop on who is contraindicated with oil fish. The consequences can be sufficiently heavy. It is harmful to people with the presence of chronic liver diseases, as well as inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases due to a large amount of fat. Since in some varieties it contains up to twenty five percent.

But, it should be borne in mind that this fish is fatten enough, so only from the right cooking will depend on how useful the result will be. No need to use it in smoked or salty in large quantities.

Correct oil fish at home as follows.

Four large tomatoes cut into two parts, omit in boiling water, and then immediately in the water room temperature. Cleaning the skin and grind. The oven is heating to the temperature of two degrees, put four pieces of fillet on the grille. Everyone must have weight no less and no more than two hundred grams. Fry fish on both sides of seven minutes to appear characteristic golden color. Only after that every piece of salt, slightly pepper and collapse in a very small dill in the disturbed. We spread them into a deep shape, pour a glass of white wine, and from above covered with a tomato mixture. In the oven heating around five minutes and serve on the table. The dish is obtained not only very appetizing, but not very fat.

Oil fish is capable of living exclusively in clean water. Therefore, eat an environmentally friendly product and prepare it correctly.

The name of this class of living beings was not given by biological characteristics, but according to taste. We are talking about the commercial name "Oil fish", the consequences of the use of which are one of the most famous "horror stories" in gastronomy.

Brief certificate

In biology there is no such thing as "oil fish". It was invented by merchants to designate a whole discharge of the ocean inhabitants, where they fall:

• ESCOLAR;
• Australian seriaclla;
• Atlantic oil fish;
• Pampanito fish;
• Patagonian modromes.

The main feature in which all these different types of fish were combined into one trade name - similar taste and very fat, often white color, meat.

A large amount of fat is characteristic of the marine inhabitants of tropical latitudes that live in the area of \u200b\u200bunderwater hills and mountains. Major regions-suppliers of oil fish - South Africa, Australia, New Zealand, South America.

Most often under the label "Oil-Fish" is served ruvetaAlso known as emery fish. In African countries, local residents refer to her eskolar . This is a very large fish weighing a few tens kilograms. Due to the fact that both externally, and on behavior it is close to tantfish, it is often caught by mistake. It dwells on the continental shelf and feeds on small fish, races and squid. In the dark, it goes to the surface. Meat is characterized by excellent consistency and high taste.

In this video, Mikhail will tell how he once bought a ppānito fish:

Application in gastronomy

One of the key advantages of this seafood is a variety of ways to prepare:

• Smoking;
• Frying;
• Extinguishing;
• Cooking;
• Grilled cooking.

Tender delicious meat is very valued by gourmet and regulators of restaurants. However, that food does not go to the body to harm, must be observed some simple rules:

• Of all the cooking options, it is better to choose cooking (fat goes into broth and is subject to drain) or grilled fry (harmful substances flow through the grille). The product exposed to smoke is better not, especially with tomatoes that enhance the so-called "castor effect";
• Before starting cooking, it is better to hang fish behind the tail, having threw it off her head. So a significant part of the oil (fat) is subtracted;
• Preferences need to be provided to a smaller portion. This is how it is possible to get all the beneficial substances without risking to catch the diarrhea.

Oil fish: calorie

Oil fish is known as one of the best sources of energy, thanks to which it is great for athletes, physical work workers and just amateurs of outdoor activities. Several steaks can replace a full dinner.

Averaged values food value (100 g) for this trading name are as follows:

• Calorie - 130 kcal;
• Proteins - 25 g;
• Fat - 5 g

The contribution of each gram of proteins, carbohydrates and fats to calorie content is respectively 4, 4 and 9 (i.e. 1 g of proteins - 4 kcal). According to the works of leading nutritionists, the best source of energy is carbohydrates, which in oil fish are extremely small. That is why you wanted to keep our figure in the norm and sitting on a diet should forget about the use of this dish.

Oil fish: benefit and harm

On the territory of the Soviet Union, the so-called "oil-fish" was sold at a rush price as a stern. In modern Russia, this kind of fish is sometimes served as an expensive exquisite delicacy "for chosen". As bait, merchants lead the following positive qualities of the product:

• Pleasant taste;
• Variety of cooking methods;
• Fish has in potassium, which will help with cardiovascular diseases;
• Available in fats can produce rejuvenation effect, improving the structure of the coating system of a person;
• Fish dwells exclusively in unpolluted waters, therefore advertised as "environmentally friendly";
• The work of the endocrine system will help the chrome-contained in the product;
• The composition has many trace elements and vitamins.

The harmful properties of fish are no less impressive. With incorrect cooking - and this happens almost always at home cooking - the product causes the strongest disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The symptoms of food poisoning appear (first of all diarrhea). Sometimes from the rear passage can no ullable liquid flow. This happens because in oil fish contains the transcendental amount of fats, many of which are not absorbed by the human body.

However, this lack of fish can be interpreted in a relatively positive light: it can be recommended by constipation.

Legislative regulation

The negative effect of consuming fatty fish (primarily Escolara) led to recognition in a number of developed countries of the world non-food product:

• In Japan, she was recognized as a poisonous and prohibited for sale in the 70s of the last century;
• In Scandinavia countries, the Government publishes special recommendations that are declarative in nature regarding the dangers of improper use of this seafood;
• Reference measures decided to limit the regulatory authorities of Canada. To local consumers there is prescribed to inform about the quality of the seller of the fish;
• For several years, the oil-fish was banned in the United States, but under pressure from the lobby of fishermen and retail chains, the ban was removed.

As for Russia, even in the Soviet years, the Kiev Research Institute Eskolar was recognized as an unsuitable product. However, now the conclusions of scientists are safely forgotten forgotten by the preparation of superfits by merchants.

In Soviet times, this product was sold for a penny and was considered harmful, and today it is positioned almost as the food of the gods. This is, of course, oil fish. The consequences of using it are very deplorable, but not deadly.

Abual diarrhea guaranteed . It is unlikely that negative consequences will be able to translate a few positive qualities.

Video: If you filed oil fish

In this video, the Escolara fillet (oil fish) will be shown, as well as the gastroenterologist Andrei Pirogov will tell, what consequences are waiting after her use:

Mandatory condition of good health - proper nutrition. Oil fish, which is rich in valuable substances, plays in the diet not lasting.

This is not a breed of marine inhabitants, but a collective name of some species of such fish. They differ specific pleasant tasteand some beneficial properties. Frozen carcass, fillet, and also smoked oil is easy to find on the shelf of each store.

The concept of "oil fish" includes representatives of families of stromate, centrol and hymbilos:

• stromatche - found in warm atlantic waters near the southern shores of Asia, as well as Africa and America;
• escolar (Gray Delicious Macrel) - has a similar view with the tuna, is not so often occurring. Its individuals can reach 2 meters in length and weigh about 50 kg;
• american oil - lives everywhere;
• australian seriaclla - caught in Pacific waters. It contains especially a lot of fat - from 10 to 40%.

All listed individuals are powered by Plankton and other representatives of themselves like. On sale there are relatively small carcasses of 20-60 cm long. The main Russian suppliers are China, USA, Indonesia and Vietnam's commercial firms.

In America, these varieties call "Batterphic", which is translated as oil-fish.

Chemical composition and nutritional value

Oil fish is quite fat, therefore, the benefits and harm to its consumption are largely dependent on the eaten amount and method of preparation. Best baked on the grill. So much of the fat will leave the carcass.

It is also rich in valuable substances that are necessary to human body. These include:

• vitamins of group B, A, E, D and PR;
• mineral substances - fluorine, iron, sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, selenium, magnesium, manganese, chrome;
• omega-3 fatty acids;
• amino acids;
• proteins.

Especially great content of such a valuable element as chrome. 100 g of the product fill daily need In this substance. It is necessary for the correct operation of the endocrine system.

The calorie content of oil fish is about 115 kcal per 100 g. With smoke, this indicator increases 1.5 times. Of these, about 20 g are proteins, and 10 g - fats. Specific data depend on the variety.

What benefits

Oil fish - controversial product that benefits and harm. Due to the presence of a set of valuable components, it has some beneficial effects:

1. Fatty acids are necessary to maintain the functioning of the heart and blood vessels, have a positive effect on the state of the skin and organs of vision;
2. The combination of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus prevents the appearance of problems with the musculoskeletal system. They participate in the formation of bones and prevent their fragility;
3. The iron, which is in the composition improves blood formation and contributes to the development of erythrocytes. This is a good prevention of anemia;
4. The blood level of cholesterol is reduced in the blood and its coagulation improves;
5. The work of the thyroid gland is normalized and the hormonal background is stabilized;
6. Vitamins and minerals strengthen immunity and restore the body's protective forces.

It is noted that people who regularly use fish are less susceptible to stress, do not have problems with sleep, vision and memory, differ in high life expectancy.

How to use it right

Seafood is not only tasty, but also useful. Oil fish contains valuable substances that are transmitted with cooked dishes. But the benefits of the benefit depends on the method of cooking fish.

In stores more often encounters fillet, which is used for smoking or taking. It is well suited for such a processing method. Meat is distinguished by a dense structure and excellent flavoring characteristics. It will enjoy any gourmet.

The exceptional feature of this product is a large amount of fat that can even drain from it. During the cutting, the carcass is recommended to suspend to remove excess this substance from it.

The optimal solution is to prepare on the grill. Then part of the fat is pushed out, which will reduce possible harm From use. But this method is quite difficult to apply in urban conditions, so it is often baked in the oven.

To do this, you will need:

• 750 g fillet;
• 1 lemon;
• 1 tbsp. spoon of olive oil;
• spices and salt add to taste.

Algorithm of actions:

Fillet is washed, cut into small pieces. Then they are rubbed them with salt and spices, watered with lemon juice and lubricate olive oil. The cooked raw materials are unfolded on the contrary. Foil should be abandoned because it makes it difficult to get fat.

The product is baked for half an hour at a temperature of 200-220 ° C. As soon as the crust is a blush - the dish is ready. Before serving, it is already watered with lemon juice.

Another safe cooking method is boiling. At the same time, most positive qualities remain. Alternatively, you can use the steamer.

How to choose and store

In order not to become a victim of poisoning and not harm health, you need to be able to correctly choose and keep fish.

Fish will quickly deteriorate. In the refrigerator it is stored for several days, in freezer - Until a few months. The main thing is to prevent meter jumps. The frozen product loses taste.

Contraindications

Accurate studies that would confirm the negative effects and damage to oil fish has not been carried out. However, many people note that it causes the appearance of diarrhea attacks. In addition, for 1.5 days after consumption there are:

• increased gas formation
• headache,
• gastric spasm
• nausea,
• vomiting.

The main reason for these symptoms is gempylotoxin. This is a wax ether that does not split in the stomach. Due to the high concentration of fat, a large amount of bile is produced. She, in turn, adversely affects the state of the dump truck. As a result, fats and oil are derived from the body and give the feces of red color. But such side effects appear when using other seafood.

In the US, the sad statistics recorded - from infected sea products About 325 thousand people die every year. Due to the large number of similar cases, these species of fish are prohibited in some European countries, as well as Japan and Canada. Insert such sanctions in Russia do not plan, since raw materials are comprehensive and control. Therefore, it is considered to be completely safe for use.

But it is not necessary to introduce into the diet next categories of people:

• having individual intolerance and allergies;
• suffering chronic liver diseases;
• during pregnancy, seafood inhibits the development of the brain and the CNS of the fetus, which further affects his mental abilities. For the same reason, they do not give them to the kids.

In addition to diarrhea, the product provokes the appearance and other negative consequences:

If you properly store, cook and enter a small amount of this product into the diet, it will not harm. With reasonable use, he will bring a certain benefit of health - it will be saturated with essential fatty acids, strengthens the heart and eyesight, solve problems with skin and hair.

An excellent taste characteristics have important meaning. But it is impossible to forget that food must be balanced and provide a person with a variety of necessary compounds.

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